Spanish
Implementation of Wide Area Monitoring Systems *
17 August 2012Grid operations are complex in nature especially when they have to be maintained under strict grid codes and operational efficiencies. Typical Indian grid operating range voltage is between 0.96 pu and 1.05 pu, frequency range is between 48.5 Hz and 51.25Hz (which is 3% of nominal). When systemstretching limits/optimal loading of power system equipments are to be determined dynamically or systems to be rescued from a near potential collapse, availability of real time data representing real time network conditions (V, Hz) are important to the operator.
Power system operations are carried out to provide system stability and reliability, which is again described in terms of adequacy and security. Normally, stability boundaries are determined by voltage, frequency and angular separation between different interconnections. Secure operating region is the initial state of any power system operation, and satisfactory regions when system tends to violates from its optimal operation limits and with minimal co-ordinated actions, system can be brought back. Whenever the system violates the boundary conditions due to critical failures of the system components (transmission lines, generations) the system shall go to insecure region/satisfactory region. The co-ordinated control schemes/interactions should bring the system back to secure operating region and settle to a new steady state . Different operating states of power system and its state changes is depicted in below state diagram. There are different control functions/schemes each state,which shall operate successfully to stabilize the systems, however dynamic information are critical for the proper operational decisions.
Power system operations are carried out to provide system stability and reliability, which is again described in terms of adequacy and security. Normally, stability boundaries are determined by voltage, frequency and angular separation between different interconnections. Secure operating region is the initial state of any power system operation, and satisfactory regions when system tends to violates from its optimal operation limits and with minimal co-ordinated actions, system can be brought back. Whenever the system violates the boundary conditions due to critical failures of the system components (transmission lines, generations) the system shall go to insecure region/satisfactory region. The co-ordinated control schemes/interactions should bring the system back to secure operating region and settle to a new steady state . Different operating states of power system and its state changes is depicted in below state diagram. There are different control functions/schemes each state,which shall operate successfully to stabilize the systems, however dynamic information are critical for the proper operational decisions.
