Load Flow Studies_Validation Document

The objective of this document is to compare the Load Flow results from PowerApps software with those of published results.

Comparison of the test systems with PowerApps results are made by comparing the bus voltages (magnitudes and their phase angles) and generation. Since, for power flow solution, bus voltages are the state variables providing complete flow information, this comparison is considered adequate. The comparison is made using per unit values of bus voltage magnitudes and bus powers as generally the tolerances are specified in per unit for power flow convergence testing. The phase angles are compared in electrical degrees.