WAMS Lab

Kalkitech WAMS lab is conceptualized based on the expertise in Wide Area Monitoring System that Kalkitech has gathered through the years. As shown in the illustration above, the WAMS visualization system and Power System Simulation software (PowerApps) takes input from the Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC). The PDC inturn collects the data from the different PMUs and the PMU simulator. The PMUs will be connected to the AC supply (3 phase mains/AC generator-motor sets) and will calculate Phasors from the field (CT&PT inputs) and GPS reference clock. The calculated data will be packed to C-37.118 data frames and sent to PDC upstream network. PDC shall collect the C-37.118 data from PMU and simulators, aligns the data into a common time scale and output to the trainer station. The trainer station will have configuration tools, simulators and visualization applications to manage the Phasor data.

The entire solution is based on IEEE C37.118 standard for syncrophasors. The standard addresses the definition of a synchronized phasor, time synchronization, application of timetags, method to verify measurement compliance with the standard and message formats for communication with a phasor measurement unit.

System components include:

• Phasor measurement unit

• System consists of C-37.118 complaint PMUs with all accessories for measuring Phasor
• GPS clock synchronization system with less than one msec drift
• Integrated three phase voltage input with maximum of 300 volt and three phase current input with 5 amps current carrying capacity
• Ethernet port for data transfer
• Calculate the Phasor with reference to GPS clock and communication processor will pack all necessary information in to C-37.118

• Phasor data concentrator features

• Software based C-37.118 data concentrator capable of taking inputs from 100 PMUs
• Ethernet port for communicating PMUs
• Visualization of Phasor (Trending and polar plots)

• Phasor visualization and features

• Polar plots for phasors
• Trending
• Table list of phasors

• PMU Simulator

Kalkitech PMU Simulator is capable of simulating up to 25 PMUs compliant with IEEE C37.118 Synchrophasor standard. It can steam Synchrophasor data with configurable rates from 1 to 60 frames per second over Ethernet using TCP, UDP and UDP_T protocols. It has the option to playback captured data from PMUs in CSV format. PMU Simulator comes with the option to modify phasors, analog values and STATUS words in run time. Power system dynamics can be simulated in real time by running multiple PMU simulators simultaneously. The following functionalities are provide by PMU simulator depending upon options selected:

• Play back of stored event data
• Data interface with Power apps
• Custom file play back

• PowerApps – Power System Simulator

Power System Simulator based on Kalkitech PowerApps software, models up-to 100 buses and branches. The software models generates (frequency independent models) time synchronized PMU measurements to C-37.118 Simulator. PowerApps software consisting of Highly interactive user friendly Graphical User Interface, Standard drawing symbols like bus, nodes, breakers, relays, lines, bus-sections, transformers (2 winding, 3 winding), neutral impedances [resistances, reactances, NGT’s], CT’s, PT’s, generators, motors, constant power loads, harmonic current injections, SVC’s, fuses shunt capacitors, shunt reactors, series capacitors, series reactors, HVDC links HVDC converters, Harmonic Filters, FACTS devices, Mutually coupled lines.
PowerApps simulator shall be capable of simulating user defined system wide events like:

• Under frequency/ Under Voltage relay operation simulation.
• Load shedding
• Islanded operation.
• Element opening/closing.
• Loss of generators.
• Generation Reduction, via Prime Mover Setting Control
• Three phase Fault
• Transformer/Transmission Line outage

Some of the key benefits of a WAMS lab include:

• Teaching Aid for Wide Area Monitoring System
• Demonstration of Phasors
• Projects in Phasors
• Demonstration of communication of PMUs
• Lab exercise in stability
• Create transient instability using software and visualize effects
• Use output from event analysis and damping monitor engine for controller design
• Develop new algorithms and test it with real time synchrophasor data